Not only for taxi drivers — World Toilet Day in Berlin sheds light on the history of the Café Achteck.

If you spend the whole day on the go, public toilets become more important. For this year's World Toilet Day on 19 November, the Berlin Senate Department for Mobility, Transport, Climate Protection and the Environment turns its gaze to a piece of urban ingenuity: the historic "Café Achteck".

Because men—or women—here in the octagonal public toilet could get rid of their coffee, Berliners nicknamed it "Cafe Achteck." | Photo: Dagmar Schwelle, SenMVKU
Because men—or women—here in the octagonal public toilet could get rid of their coffee, Berliners nicknamed it "Cafe Achteck." | Photo: Dagmar Schwelle, SenMVKU

As with many growing metropolises of the 19th century, Berlin also once wrestled with hygienic problems. The city's population grew rapidly at the time, but modern water and sewer lines were largely missing. Drainage pits and chamber pots shaped the cityscape, and their contents mostly ended up in the Spree. First efforts to establish public toilets at that time came from the Berlin police, which since 1832 by royal decree was responsible for everything that happened on and under the city's main streets. The then General Police Director Karl Ludwig von Hinckeldey was thus also honored with a mocking verse:

„Oh dear Father Hinckeldey

grant us for our urination

but please leave a corner free”

In 1879 the moment finally arrived: After a design competition, on Weddingplatz and Arminiusplatz (Rathausvorplatz in Moabit) the first Cafés Achteck were erected. The palmette design on the exterior wall was inspired by the painter and architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel. The octagonal form is the ornate product of the Berlin iron foundries, which with their bridges and stations shaped the cityscape, but also produced ornate machine parts and stove plates. One of these richly decorated stove plates served as the template for the eight cast-iron walls of the Berlin urinal.

Officially the toilets were initially called 'Waidmannslust' because of their green color. But the Berliners quickly gave them their nickname Café Achteck – in reference to their shape and the fact that you can 'get rid of coffee' there.


 

By 1920, 142 octagonal cafés in various variants were installed in the newly formed Greater Berlin. The war years, the division of the city, the expansion of public toilets in shops, changing ways of life and the passage of time ensured that today only eleven of the original installations exist. Some of them are protected as monuments, but they serve the same purpose as 146 years ago.

While in the past the octagonal cafés were intended as urinals for men only, today there are also two converted facilities that can be used by everyone. Some former octagonal cafés have meanwhile also been converted. One of the installations today serves, for example, as the pavilion of a museum. Another installation in a similar construction is today a well-known and popular burger restaurant at the Schlesisches Tor U-Bahn station. Yet, whether as a monument, a toilet or a meeting point – they all stand symbolically for over 146 years of Berlin city culture and quality of life.

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