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Winter operation of electric cars: What drivers need to pay attention to now.
The number of battery-electric vehicles is steadily increasing in Bavaria. With regard to the upcoming frost period, ADAC Southern Bavaria notes that especially newcomers should familiarize themselves with the winter-specific features of electric mobility. According to the latest ADAC breakdown statistics, electric vehicles do not perform worse in terms of reliability than internal-combustion engine vehicles. The main cause of vehicle breakdowns remains the starter battery, while specific components of fully electric models also at low temperatures do not show increased susceptibility to faults.
Effects of Low Temperatures on the Battery and Energy Consumption
The cold primarily affects the high-voltage battery. For the battery pack to unleash its full performance, it must be heated. At the same time, heating the interior also requires additional energy. This causes energy consumption in winter to rise significantly, which leads to a shorter range. The effect is particularly pronounced on short trips: according to ADAC tests, energy demand here can be up to 70 percent higher.
Low temperatures also influence charging behavior. If the battery is not in the ideal temperature range, charging power at fast-charging stations decreases. Modern electric vehicles compensate for this with automatic or manually activatable preheating of the battery, which is triggered, for example, when a charging station is set as the navigation destination. This makes it possible to again reach the maximum charging power.
Comfort gain through preconditioning
Despite the higher energy consumption, electric vehicles offer practical benefits in winter. They can be preheated while stationary, emissions-free. Via the corresponding vehicle apps, the interior can be brought to the desired temperature before starting the drive, which eases defrosting of the windows or makes it unnecessary. If the vehicle is connected to a Wallbox in the meantime, the required energy is drawn directly from the power grid and does not further reduce the range on the subsequent drive. (Source: ADAC)
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